Nominative (subject)

Sie (capital)

Polite you for strangers, service, work: Wie geht es Ihnen?

du vs Sie

du with friends/family; Sie until someone offers du.

Practical Examples

1. Ich bin Studentin.

• I am a student.
• Usage: Used to refer to yourself as the speaker.

1. Bist du müde?

• Are you tired?
• Usage: Used to address one person informally.

1. Er wohnt in Hamburg.

• He lives in Hamburg.
• Usage: Used to refer to a single male person.

1. Sie kommt aus Spanien.

• She comes from Spain.
• Usage: Used to refer to a single female person.

1. Das ist ein Auto. Es ist neu.

• That is a car. It is new.
• Usage: Used to refer to a neuter noun (like "das Auto").

1. Wir lernen Deutsch.

• We are learning German.
• Usage: Used to refer to yourself and others.

1. Woher kommt ihr?

• Where do you (all) come from?
• Usage: Used to address multiple people informally.

1. Sie sprechen sehr schnell.

• They speak very fast.
• Usage: Used to refer to multiple people or things (plural).

1. Herr Müller, sind Sie Lehrer?

• Mr. Müller, are you a teacher?
• Usage: Used to address one or more people formally (always capitalized).

1. Ich habe keine Zeit.

• I have no time.
• Usage: Used to express a negation about yourself.

1. Warum lachst du?

• Why are you laughing?
• Usage: Used in an informal question to a single person.

1. Er arbeitet heute nicht.

• He is not working today.
• Usage: Used to express a negation about a male person.

1. Sind sie Geschwister?

• Are they siblings?
• Usage: Used in a question about multiple people.

1. Wir gehen jetzt nach Hause.

• We are going home now.
• Usage: Used to state an action involving yourself and others.

1. Das ist mein Hund. Er ist sehr lieb.

• That is my dog. He is very sweet.
• Usage: Used to refer to a masculine noun (like "der Hund").